Continue to Fund NASA

The destruction of the boat and the remaining parts of her seven team individuals were thronw the whole way across Texas and parts of Louisiana. Indeed, even the most resolute NASA adherents thought about their help for the organization as fire down-poured from the sky. It had been about a long time since the last deadly fiasco of the Challenger blast, and this filled in as another startling update that space travel till isn't safe.The occurrence caused the inquiry that everybody posed to themselves that day: Is the excursion Of room travel and investigation worth the penance of human lives? This line of reasoning has at last lead to the discussion about whether we, as American citizens, should keep on financing NASA in its strategic investigate and comprehend the universe. I recommend that NASA isn't just a significant piece of our administration, yet an outright basic bit of our advancement as a human animal categories. We are a race bound for the stars, and the development of orga nizations like NASA were the initial steps to that end.To better get NASA, we need to take a gander at the office from its initiation. NASA was basically resulting from dread of Soviet space prevalence. On October 4, 1957 the Soviet Union dispatch the universes first fake satellite into space by the name of Sputnik (Gerber, Lanais). As an immediate outcome, precisely one year later NASA was framed with 8,000 workers and a 1 00 million dollar spending plan. The underlying objective of NASA was to make up lost ground on the Soviets in the space race, however on May 25, 1961 President John F Kennedy gave NASA its prime order: put a man on the moon and bring him back feely before the finish of the decade.With a surprising pace and productivity, that objective was accomplish on July 20, 1969 when Neil Armstrong made his initial steps on the moon and gave his well known â€Å"One Small Strides for Man† discourse. Around then, the entire nation was behind NASA and its strategic. The very demonstration of putting a man on the moon changed our general public from multiple points of view. Man was not, at this point bound to the Earth, and it changed our impression of the universe. Investigation of room and the stars appeared inside our grip. It seemed as though just a short time before the basic man would colonize the moon. Quick forward right around forty years after the fact and we find that Man has not been back since.The idea that we had the option to send a man to the moon in eight years, however spend the following forty inertly by on Earth and our low circle space stations doesn't agree with a few. Furthermore, on the off chance that you are simply taking a gander at the little image of kept an eye on space travel, no doubt NASA is moving at a snails pace. Since the last moon landing, Man has not moved an inch past our low circle space stations. When taking a gander at issues, there are numerous to be found with regards to why this has happened. The main t hing we can take a gander at is the floundered help NASA got from our entrance in the previous few decades.When Americans began biting the dust for the reason, we as a whole gradually began losing our desire for space travel. This additionally happened when we understood the significant expense of sending man into space. The general population doesn't see the advantages of sending a man to the moon once more, as the â€Å"been there, done that† mindset has won. This is particularly evident starting late when Obama just as of late dropped the Constellation Program, which planned for getting a man back on the moon by 2020 (Atkinson). A definitive objective was to begin towards building a lunar base from which we could dispatch other space meetings from.Yet, despite the fact that we had just burned through 9 billion dollars on the undertaking, it was chopped out. NASA was refered to as â€Å"over spending plan, delayed, and ailing in advancement because of an inability to put r esources into basic new advances. † Instead, NASA was encouraged to contribute and move the centralization of room flight (Belton). This comes about on the grounds that the space transport armada will be resigning this year, and the US will be completely dependent on the Russian space office to ship our space travelers to the International Space Station for the following scarcely any years. It is recommended that prodding development in this part will achieveBeam's point of making employments and will be preferable monetarily over sending our cash to Russia. While I discover the centralization of room flight a stage a decent way, I accept the wiping out of the Constellation program shows a gigantic absence of prescience on the Obama organization's part. While this move harkens back to when the administration prodded development in business avionics division by utilization of the Airmail activity (Simmers 2), one must understand that the cash is only not there yet for business study and exploration.The ventures NASA have attempted have required enormous spending plans with generally next to no fiscal return. This isn't really the field for private industry, who have a main concern to stress over. There has been a lot of objection with respect to the expense of supporting NASA through open financing. This year Anna's spending plan really expanded 6% to just shy of 18 billion dollars, which to a few, are not being spent shrewdly. It is lamentably evident that NASA has become the administration office that no one needed it to be: large, enlarged, wasteful and expensive.It appears it has fallen into the pit that most other government offices have. For verification of this e can take a gander at Anna's most recent Mars meanderer venture, the Mars Science Laboratory (MS). The wanderer should dispatch close to the furthest limit of 2009 and now has been deferred (twice) to 201 1 (Chance). The financial plan for this undertaking was affirmed at 1. 6 billion yet n ow is anticipated to outperform 2. 2 billion by dispatch. Regardless of whether you take a gander at Anna's later examples of overcoming adversity general society has been asking â€Å"is it justified, despite all the trouble? ‘ The Mars wanderers Spirit and Opportunity propelled in 2003 and were required to last just 6 months.Six years after the fact and we discover they are as yet working on Mars and sending back information. At a complete expense of - ? 944 million for a multi year strategic, could state that is a deal (Chivies). However, there are numerous who wonder how soil tests and climate designs on Mars help us when there a lot more issues down on Earth that need consideration. Some have asked for the cutting and by and large abolishment of NASA for moving its spending plan to other social projects like well passage, national medicinal services or education.While I am not discussing the whether these projects need all the more financing, I am expressing that lesseni ng Anna's spending plan and in general nearness would be an enormous hit to the improvement of the IIS and he human race all in all. When taking a gander at the general legislative spending financial plan, NASA is just a small detail, totaling just under 1% (Change). Contrast that with the stature of the Apollo missions that took 5% of the spending plan, it shows that the present program is reasonable. The national barrier spending plan is almost multiple times that of Anna's.While NASA doesn't straightforwardly progress in the direction of the hyphenation of room (that is the Air Force's area), keeping up space prevalence loans over our nation's protection. One can possibly envision if Russia or China picks up the advantage. Notwithstanding, the moment anis we may see by occupying Anna's subsidizing somewhere else would be extraordinarily exceeded by the unfavorable impacts this would have on our nation and maybe the world. So far you may state there haven't been numerous master's for NASA that have been introduced. The Anna's rewards for all the hard work truly fall into two classes: substantial and intangible.The immaterial endowments that NASA has given us are actually the hardest to guard as they may not legitimately advantage us. For example, NASA has found more than 300 explants (planets circling stars outside our close planetary system) are as yet discovering new and better approaches to distinguish them Cowmen). They late propelled the Keeper space telescope that will help us in finding much more explants. The information that there are conclusively more planets outside our nearby planetary group, while to be expected, fails to help us now and helps nobody at the moment.Yet, the data we may gather from these explants may maybe open how planets are framed in our universe; and may even give a brief look into how life is shaped. One can't put a sticker price on growing the human comprehension of the universe. Be that as it may, knowing how life or planet s are framed don't support the destitute or the withering. For the individuals who couldn't care less that Uranus has 1000 MPH wind speeds or that at the focal point of each universe there might be a very huge dark gap; we should take a gander at the immediate and substantial presents that NASA has gave on our society.Many, numerous inventive advancements have been legitimately and in a roundabout way made by NASA is quest for its objectives. On the off chance that you lose all sense of direction in the forested areas and your GAPS drives you back to wellbeing; you can express gratitude toward NASA for that. On the off chance that MR. examine gets the beginning phases of malignant growth and you get the chance to carry on with a full life as a result of it, you can express gratitude toward NASA (Change 2). On the off chance that your alarm goes off and you can escape your immerse before it is inundated on fire; once more, you can express gratitude toward NASA. On the off chance that you have an ear thermometer, mobile phone, satellite TV or cordless drill; you can thank in entire or to some extent, NASA.The advances NASA has given the world has made life simpler, however has spared endless lives too. We should not overlooked Anna's gigantic commitments to meteorology either, which have spared lives as well as have help the rural segment too. Every one of these things we might not have come to fruition if NASA hadn't help make them as a way to their end. In the event that the entirety of Anna's commitments to mankind have not influenced you than harvests nothing will. You should consider this however; that the destiny of the whole world and humankind might be on Nanas shoulders.I'm sure you have all observed films like Armageddon and Deep Impact, and credible or not these Earth striking comets are an undeniable chance. The main way we will have reasonable admonition if this happens will be through the endeavors of offices like NASA. The main associations in any event, considering the potential outcomes and emergency courses of action are those like NASA This isn't dread

Words for Extreme Weather Events

Words for Extreme Weather Events Words for Extreme Weather Events Words for Extreme Weather Events By Mark Nichol What’s the distinction between a tropical storm, a hurricane, and a typhoon? The initial two kinds of climate occasions are twisters that continue surface breezes of at any rate 74 miles for every hour-quicker than for all intents and purposes any parkway speed limit in the United States. The term â€Å"tropical storm† alludes to a corrupted tropical storm or hurricane. What's more, for what reason are there independent assignments for tropical storms, hurricanes, and violent winds, which are basically indistinguishable climate occasions? Tropical storms will be storms that grow east of the International Date Line, which runs north to south through the center of the Pacific Ocean. Tropical storm is gotten from the native Taino language’s word hurakn, which was obtained into Spanish as huracn and thus into English. Taino was spoken all through the islands of the Caribbean Sea, so it is normal that the language would motivate present-day use. (Various different words get by osmosis from that dead language into English, including grill, lounger, and tobacco.) Tropical storm, on the other hand, comes from Greek, despite the fact that it alludes principally to storms happening in the region of China and the Philippines, on the opposite side of the International Date Line. What’s the association? The Greek expression typhon was appropriated by the Arabs and thus discovered its way into Chinese, affected by a comparative sounding Chinese word for â€Å"big wind.† And tornado, likewise from Greek (eventually from kyklos, additionally the cause of circle and cycle), is utilized famously in the South Pacific Ocean, however researchers overall utilize the term when talking or writing in English. For what reason do we underwrite names of typhoons, hurricanes, and hurricanes, and for what reason would they say they are appointed people’s first names? These are shows set up in the mid 1950s by mainstream researchers to recognize at least two climate occasions happening at or close to a similar time. (For the main 25 years, just female names were utilized, after an arranged rundown. Beginning in 1978, male names were utilized also.) The custom of allotting individual names to extreme tempests really returns several years, in any case; Caribbean tropical storms were named after holy people dependent on which saint’s day the tempest happened, and the task of women’s names dates to the late nineteenth century. Somewhere in the range of eighty names have, due to the disastrous seriousness of the occasion, been resigned from the rundown, a normal of more than one per year; in 2005, Hurricane Katrina was just one of five tempests whose names were resigned due to the particularly obliterating nature of the tempest. The score invigorated to evaluate a hurricane’s is likewise promoted; the most elevated level is Category 5. Todays YouTube video: Inquire versus Enquire Need to improve your English shortly a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Vocabulary classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:Arrive To versus Show up AtCapitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and MovementsHow Long Should a Synopsis Be?

Managing Classroom Behavior :: essays research papers

Overseeing Classroom Behavior      Managing homeroom conduct can be a troublesome assignment, particularly on the off chance that you have a youngster who is continually causing aggravations. When you have distinguished that there is an issue, you ought to pose yourself six straightforward inquiries. The first question asked is whether the issue is a consequence of wrong educational plan or educating methodologies. As educators we tend to disregard the way that what and how we educate can contribute straightforwardly to our understudies conduct issues. Furthermore, ask yourself "What do I request and forbid - and what ought to I?" Teachers think that its simpler to determine what they won't endure than to determine the conduct they request. The third inquiry to pose is "Why do certain practices trouble me, and what should I do about them?" As an instructor you need to choose if this is a distinction in culture or childhood and why it annoys you, is it unseemly, is the conduct upsetting different kids? There are numerous interesting points when a kid is misbehaving. As the instructor, it is your obligation to explain these unsettling influences, in the event that they are close to home, you may take a stab at disregarding them, conversing with them, or in any event, living with the issue. The fourth inquiry you have to pose to your self is if this conduct is formatively critical. In spite of the fact that there are different sorts of formatively huge practices, most will fall into four essential classifications: scholarly disappointment, animosity, gloom, and issues with peers. The fifth inquiry to pose is, "Should I focus on a conduct abundance or deficiency?" A social overabundance is something you ordinarily need the youngster to quit doing.

Sport Sponsorship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Game Sponsorship - Essay Example Sports sponsorship rose and has created dependent on the way that most games groups and occasions do not have the monetary muscle to support themselves and backers come in to help. Organizations recognize an advancement opportunity made by tremendous crowds sport occasions unite. It would then observe business partner with sport clubs and occasions that go about as operators of business advancement for the backers. This is a commonly advantageous move as both the supported and backers gain favorable circumstances (Fortunato, 2013:88). There are, in any case, a few issues that join sponsorship. Social elements may forestall fruitful sponsorship as the players culture may not synchronize with the sponsor’s advancements (Stotlar, 2009: 112). Furthermore, negative relationship in which numerous patrons that advance two differentiating items may support a similar occasion or club. Additionally, sponsorship fits in which huge organizations are to be included represents an issue. The common advantage that both the patrons and the supported groups gain can't be ignored. It has end up being an impressive power behind the advancement of sports over the world and it has the right to be perceived however much as could reasonably be expected. Sponsorship benefits the two gatherings included and, along these lines, very

Design an e-Business System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Plan an e-Business System - Essay Example Appropriate correspondence stay basic in guaranteeing the minimisation of blunders; thus improvement of the business procedure. The use of a web based framework for setting up joins between sales reps, clients and providers stays fundamental in progress of the procedures. The various partners will get to data from a focal source, and offer data from a similar focus. This sharing can adequately improve business procedures and increment the company’s piece of the overall industry. Targets The principle reason for the subsystem remains guaranteeing snappy exchange of data and sharing between different partners. The framework targets improving the business procedure and expanding viability of the way toward making deals and assembling. Improvement of these procedures can bring about expanded deals attributable to the decreased time taken in making orders and conveying supplies. The utilization of the framework destinations can guarantee the organization deals increment altogether, guaranteeing the organization accomplishes noteworthy development. Foundation Avitz Bike is a UK based assembling organization which represents considerable authority in various sorts of bicycles for various markets comprehensively. While the organization encounters an extensively decent piece of the pie, solid rivalry has brought about diminished piece of the overall industry in the course of the most recent 5 years. This decrease has been ascribed to the span taken before bicycles are conveyed to clients. The organization depends intensely on deals made through various retailers over the United Kingdom. While the usage of retailers has persistently given adequate piece of the overall industry, improvement in the selling procedure stays inescapable as the organization tries to build deals. The usage of an E-business framework looks to guarantee the organization lessens the conveyance time for most items. This would successfully build the present deals volume, therefore expanding t he piece of the overall industry. The organization has embraced the E-business system to dispense with the long gracefully chain, present in the present procedure. Depiction of the business procedure The way toward getting orders inside the business includes direct correspondence with retailers, through phone, electronic information trade of copy. The retailers first reach project leads, to haggle on various item costs, before making requests to the organization. The requests are then exposed to an approval procedure, which incorporates check of different request prerequisites as expressed by the retailer. This approval procedure brings about acknowledgment or dismissal of the request. Following the approval of various requests, required parts can be requests to upgrade the gathering of the mentioned bicycle. The client particulars decide how the merchants convey bicycles to different retailers. When using process, the organization doesn't make direct contacts with the clients makin g the procedure long. The organization uses a data framework created in 1997, based on LAN with Windows NT as the customer server framework. The present framework contains data with respect to clients, providers, bicycles and other physical traits of organization items. A portion of the data contained inside the framework stays accessible to explicit offices, an angle which causes delays. Issues and arrangements in venture that the organization is confronting The organization faces various difficulties coming about because of the present business procedure and data frameworks. The most concerning issue

The 3 Schools I Attend

The 3 Schools I Attend On Tuesday and Thursday mornings, when the sun has not yet heated the air to its full potential, I rush to catch the outbound T train. Two stops later, I get out facing Harvard Hall. There, on the second floor, I have PHIL 179,  Race and Social Justice. I traverse the Yard on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays. On Wednesdays, I may drop in for office hours. The Harvard T station has become sickeningly familiar and frustrating, for I still haven’t found the optimal waiting spot on the platform to minimize exit time upon arrival. Always room for experimentation. If the amusing rivalry of Harvard and MIT was ever unclear, it makes sense when you get stuck between the two. Neither college is, of course, superior, but the differences cannot be resolved. Harvard and MIT are two T stops and worlds apart. The most often cited difference is in the color schemes. MIT is grey. Harvard is red and occasionally green with slithering ivy.     MIT has abstract and random tech-y installations as decorations. Harvard has solemn portraits of old men looking smart in decorated frames. Sometimes on mahogany walls. It’s not diverse, but still a bit impressive. And just look at the two campus maps. MIT is a school of numbers. Harvard, of words. Even PHIL 179 becomes HAA.2457 on my transcript. The MIT version has one digit more.   At MIT, lecture is supplemented by recitation, led by TAs (Teaching Assistants). At Harvard, this work is done in discussion section, led by TFs (Teaching Fellows). A Departmental Writing Fellow, rather than a Writing Advisor, helps with papers. The styles of instruction are different as well. At Harvard, philosophy lectures resemble those from movies. At MIT, the HASS classes I’ve taken are small and personal. This isn’t to say one type is better. The difference is all about supply and demand. At Harvard, I feel like a secret observer, a double agent, if you will. I ogle at the elegant architectural designs, stare longingly at the beautiful Widener Library (which houses over 3 mln books on 57 miles of shelves and is one of the largest open-stack libraries in the world). I have access to it with my Participant Harvard ID. I “participate” in Harvard College now. What’s even more exciting is now I have access to 47 million library items from 121 libraries. 5 million items from the MIT Libraries, plus fiction from the “worlds largest public open-shelf collection of science fiction” at the MIT Science Fiction Society Library, which has “90% of all speculative fiction ever published in English, spanning fantasy, hard sf, and horror … [and] 98% of all science fiction and fantasy magazines ever published in English” (source).  19 million from the 73 Harvard Libraries, which comprise the “oldest library system in the United States and the largest university library and largest private library system in the world.” Plus  23 million  items from the Boston Public Library, the second largest public library system in the U.S. (Disclaimer: these figures may vary depending on the counting methodology used.) On the way back from Harvard, I look forward to seeing familiar faces and places again, including the sunny Boston skyline. Being a double agent can be exhausting. I’m used to different college ways and interactions, a different campus layout. I look forward to lounging in our non-mahogany rooms. Despite that, I’d recommend anyone interested in the liberal arts to consider cross-registering for a Harvard class. The commute is only ten minutes. You get 1,000+ class options per semester, plus grad school classes for the more ambitious (which makes for a total of 4,900+ options). You also get an experience of a contrasting culture and learning style. At Harvard, I’m learning to approach philosophy texts with high rigor and analytical depth. The discourse is challenging and formal. Luckily, cross registration is quite simple, especially on the Harvard side, which is now paperless (sorry, MIT). A regular Harvard class is worth 12 MIT units (also a full class). You get graded according to MIT policies and receive credit at no extra monetary cost. Plus, you get a novel view on college education. It’s great, really. (For a different blogger perspective, here’s a wonderful post from Jess K. ‘10 on cross registration, “Half Harvard, Half MIT”) ***** The fourth weekly time I travel to the Yard, I don’t linger. Past the red square buildings is a gray rounded one, surrounded by rowdy teenagers of ages fourteen to eighteen. This destination is a high school. For 11.124 Introduction to Education: Looking Forward and Looking Back on Education, one of the requirements is classroom observation. Each class participant is placed with a master teacher in a middle or high school in the MIT area to observe and assist with a STEM class for approximately twenty hours, or about seven weeks of three-hour visits. My placement is in a charter school freshman Physics class. Every week, I don my nicest clothing to return to high school. High school is, well, interesting. I get to stand in people jams in stairwells and shudder at the thought that the shoving students are up to six years younger. I have to come to terms with the fact that I have, in fact, left high school. Forever. I get to stride proudly down the well-polished hallways with my neon visitor sticker, as well as the knowledge that I no longer need to fit into any social category nor wonder about image. I get keys to the staff bathroom, too. It’s a powerful feeling. The other perk of my second school, the High School, is the ability to experience what a large student community looks like from the outside. I spent most of my high school days in a small alternative program, which left me quite puzzled about the success of High School Musical and similar films. Now I finally see real high school interactions. There are “Do Now” and “Exit Ticket” activities, various folders and worksheets, and assigned seating and routines. Bathroom passes are collected at the end of the week so that students can get extra credit points for not using the restroom. There’s even a digital hall pass timer  for restroom-goers. I missed all that. Now I’ll never improve my grades by holding my bladder. (Though I do wonder how that policy would work at MIT. Would students ever use the bathroom?) Outside the routines, high school is fun. You get to drop eggs (and hope they don’t break) to learn about momentum, or play physics games to reward good classroom behavior. You get short daily homework assignments. No majors, no high stakes. No thoughts of figuring out life. In the case of high school, being a “double agent” is energizing. I’m the older, “more powerful” outsider. I get valuable lessons in public education from observing and interacting. The master teacher is excellent, and so are the 37 students whose names I’m almost confident I remember. ***** The third school is, of course, MIT. Where it all began. I will not describe this one much. No need to commute or observe here. I know the practices and customs. I wake up to see my classroom from the window. I can wear mismatched socks and plop down on the lounge couches and feel completely at home. At MIT, I know exactly what I look forward to at the start of a long weekend: to settle down with old friends in a familiar home. ***** P.S.: MIT Solar Car Electric Vehicle Team is on their way to the World Solar Challenge in Australia! Support them by following the event on their website here! Post Tagged #11.124 Intro to Education #11.125 Evaluating Education #cross-registration

A Celebration of the Minor Characters in Romeo and Juliet - Literature Essay Samples

In his play Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare puts his minor characters to good use. Romeo’s friend Mercutio and Juliet’s nurse are both characters that are not considered the main focus of the play, but nevertheless play a crucial role in the lives of Shakespeare’s central characters. The nurse acts as a link between the Capulet and Montague families, and thus allows communication and planning to take place between Romeo and Juliet, while Mercutio’s presence in the story is instrumental to the plot. Each role is useful and necessary in the play because they provide some comic relief, but also because their personalities help to define the protagonists and their actions enhance the way that the story turns out. Without these characters, the play would not function properly. Mercutio and the nurse both enhance the play’s theme of ‘young love’ by comparing their level-headed ways to the passion-driven ways of the main characters. The crude language that is used by Mercutio and the constant sexual references that are made by the nurse amplify the naà ¯vetà © of the love between Romeo and Juliet. Both have a preoccupation with sex, while Romeo and Juliet prefer to profess the complete adoration that they have for one another. Both of these minor characters act as foils to the protagonists. The nurse is both aged and, though well meaning, somewhat of a bumbling fool. She often confuses words and repeats herself, whereas Juliet is well-spoken and seems to be much more educated than her confidante. Similarly, where Juliet is a sign of youth in its prime, the nurse is much older and has given birth and been married, although both her husband and child are said to be deceased. In the same way that the nurse stands as the opposite of Juliet, Mercutio is much different than Romeo. Romeo is a lovestruck romantic, while Mercutio is a clever realist. In the first act, Romeo is troubled by his unrequited feelings for Rosalind. H e begins to question love and states, â€Å"Is love a tender thing? It is too rough, too rude, too boisterous, and it pricks like a thorn.† (I.iv. 25 – 26). In response, Mercutio says, â€Å"If love be rough with you, be rough with love;/Prick love for pricking you and beat love down.† (I.iv. 27 – 28). Romeo is melodramatic and likely expects a similarly sensational and sympathetic response to his situation. However, Mercutio is far too down-to-earth to lend any importance Romeo’s ‘woe is me’ statements, and essentially tells him to ‘get over it’ and move on. Mercutio’s straightforward proclamations serve to bring the audience back to reality as well and allow us to recognize Romeo’s tendency to be over-dramatic. By providing us with these oppositional characters, Shakespeare highlights the qualities that he finds important within Romeo and Juliet. While the nurse and Mercutio serve to promote themes within the story and to make the viewer notice certain qualities in the protagonists, they are also very important to the development of the plot. Mercutio’s death signifies the transition of the story from the path of a comedy to that of a tragedy. Because Romeo does not specifically tell Mercutio of his newfound love for Juliet, it is impossible for Mercutio to use his words to affect the plot. However, his death does inspire Romeo to seek revenge on Tybalt, and thus has a profound effect on the fate of the two lovers. In contrast to this relationship, Juliet and her nurse are very close, and she chooses to turn to the nurse for assistance in her relationship with Romeo. This allows the nurse to have a direct effect on the outcome of the story. The nurse can be seen as a sort of mother figure for the young Juliet. She has been with her ever since she was born, and Juliet values her loving advice. Were her initial response to the pairing of the Capulet and Montague a positive one, Juliet would have been much more likely to pursue the forbidden romance. Apart from merely speaking influential words, the nurse also plays an important role in the progression of the plot through the actions that she takes. Firstly, it is the nurse who initially reveals Juliet’s identity to Romeo. It can also be noted that, on more than one occasion, the nurse agrees to meet up with Romeo in order to obtain information and relay messages from Juliet. In act three, scene four, during one of their meetings, the nurse agrees to accept the delivery of a rope ladder so that Romeo may enter Juliet’s room in order to marry her. Once Mercutio dies and the nurse’s role becomes a tragic one, she still manages to influence the relationship between the two young lovers by losing Juliet’s trust by advising her to marry Paris. When Juliet seeks comfort from the nurse, she surprises the young girl by responding that Romeo is not the correct choice for a husband; I thin k it best you married with the County. O, he’s a lovely gentleman. Romeo’s a dishclout to him. An eagle, madam, Hath not so green, so quick, so fair an eye As Paris hath. Beshrew my very heart, I think you are happy in this second match, For it excels your first; or, if it did not, Your first is dead, or ‘twere as good he were As living here and you no use of him. (III. v. 217 – 225.)The nurse knows Juliet well and would be aware of the fact that she is, like Romeo, somewhat of a romantic. To advise her to marry Paris based on the fact that he is better-looking than Romeo says nothing at all to Juliet. Without the support of the nurse, Juliet takes matters into her own hands and loses that small piece of adult guidance that may have been able to prevent the final tragedy from taking place. Therefore, it is clear that the nurse’s words and actions are highly influential upon Juliet and her relationship with Romeo. Mercutio and the nurse are both important characters in Romeo Juliet. Without the nurse, it is arguable that Juliet would have had much more difficulty obtaining information about Romeo, and may not even have followed through with the marriage had it not been for her encouraging words. Similarly, without the death of Mercutio, the story would lack a pivotal point and Romeo would not have been so bloodthirsty towards Tybalt. It is also important to note the effect that these characters have on the viewer’s opinion of the protagonists. Certain qualities that are present in the main characters become amplified when they are compared with those opposite qualities that exist within the secondary characters. These contradictory qualities provide the play with a sense of humour and give its first half of the story a comedic sense. Without Mercutio and the nurse, the story of Romeo and Juliet would not be the same as we know it today.Works CitedShakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet. The Arden Shakespeare. Si ngapore: Thomas Nelson Sons Ltd. 1997.

Essay on Katherine Dunham a Woman of Many Wonders

Katherine Dunham was born in Chicago, Illinois on June 22, 1909 as the youngest child of Albert Millard Dunham and Fanny June (Guillaume), with an older brother, Albert Jr., as well as children from her mother’s first marriage. Her heritage included Indian, French Canadian, English, Malagasy (Madagascan) and African ancestry (Aschenbrenner 7). Dunham’s mother passed away when Katherine was only four and their father left the children with their aunt Lulu, where Katherine faced multiple instances of prejudice as African Americans were flooding North at this time (Aschenbrenner 8). These early experiences of prejudice and as a go between in her aunt Lulu’s custody battle for Dunham and her brother played a large role her approach between†¦show more content†¦Influenced primarily by cultural roots and incredibly opportunity, Dunham had the luxury of studying in the West Indies as well as anthropological study of other cultural style dances. The West Indian experience changed forever the focus of Dunham’s life and caused a profound shift in her career. This initial fieldwork began a lifelong involvement with the people and dance of Haiti. And, importantly for the development of modern dance, her fieldwork began her investigations into a vocabulary of movement that would form the core of the Katherine Dunham Technique. Though many of Dunham’s primary influences lies within her multicultural experiences, Mark Turbyfill also seemed to play a large role in her future dance career, giving her private lessons despite his doubt in the opening of her student company (Kaiso! 187). Katherine Dunham has been list as an influence to â€Å"everyone from George Balanchine to Jerome Robbins, Alvin Ailey, Bob Fosse and Twyla Tharp. American dance, including ballet, modern dance, Hollywood and Broadway, would not be the same without her† (Aschenbrenner 226). Her student dance company was founded in 1931, â€Å"Ballet Negre† and awarded a Rosenwald Travel Fellowship in 1936 for her combined expertise in dance and anthropology. While studying with Ludmilla Speranzeva and Mark

Title VII of Civil Rights Act of 1974 - Gender and Sexual...

Despite legislation for equal opportunities, sexism is still evident in the workplace. Women have made great advancements in the workforce and have become an integral part of the labor market. They have greater access to higher education and as a result, greater access to traditionally male dominated professions such as law. While statistics show that women are equal to men in terms of their numbers in the law profession, it is clear however, that they have not yet achieved equality in all other areas of their employment. Discrimination in the form of gender, sex and sexual harassment continues to be a problem in today’s society. Historically, females have been discriminated against in the United States based solely on their gender.†¦show more content†¦The United States Supreme Court, as well as federal district and state courts, defines employee rights and an employer’s liability for employment law violations. Treatment on the job, including hiring, firing, a nd promotions, must be based on qualifications and merit and not on race, gender, age, sexual preference or how one responds to sexual advances. Yet despite these laws and policies, many employees continue to suffer from workplace harassment and employment discrimination. Although great strides in fighting gender discrimination were taken in the 1970s, largely due to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, abuses falling within the category of sexual harassment generally were not addressed. Finally, in 1980, the EEOC wrote and released guidelines that defined sexual harassment. They described it as one form of sex discrimination prohibited by the 1964 act. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 referred to as Title VII, prohibits employment discrimination and harassment based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin in addition to sexual harassment. The law specifically states; â€Å"It shall be unlawful employment practice for an employer: to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual, or otherwise to discriminate against any individual with respect to his [or her] compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment because of such individual’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (EEOC, n.d.). The law’s protections apply to bothShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination Within The Workplace, Race, Religion, National Origin And Disabilities1372 Words   |  6 PagesDiscrimination in the workplace comes in many forms: age, sex, race, religion, national origin and disabilities. All of these are in protected groups by law. The text Business Ethics defines job discrimination as occurring when (1) an employment decision in some way harms or disadvantages an employee or job applicant; (2) the decision based on a person’s membership in a certain group, rather than on individual merit; and (3) the decision rests on prejudice, false stereotypes, or the assumptionRead MoreLeveling The Playing Field?1479 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Playing Field The term Affirmative Action had very little meaning for the average American years ago. Affirmative action has been described as actions or steps an organization must take to show that it is not showing or fostering any kind of discrimination. It provides qualified people with the same access to educational and professional opportunities that would otherwise have been denied them if they were fully qualified. Through out the years the affirmative action has adapted to the times andRead MoreDiscrimination And Harassment Against Women1349 Words   |  6 Pagesthey even encounter sexual molestation. Discrimination and harassment against women is still prevalent in the workplace. During the 2013 fiscal year, Courts enforced 7,256 charges of sexual harassment, out of which, women comprised 82.6 % of victims, while there were 27,687 cases of gender discrimination. Our era has seen new conventions and legal philosophies, which are steering towards female emancipation. Courts have passed l aws such as Title VII, of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibitsRead MoreDiscrimination, Discrimination And Sexual Harassment2110 Words   |  9 Pagesworld has been fighting against is employment discrimination. There are many types of discrimination, in many obvious cases of harassment the ruling is not in favor of the plaintiff. The right to equal employment opportunity has been the backbone of the American dream. However minorities were still discarded of this same right in the work place. There were job rejections because of race, gender, disability, national origin, pay discrimination and sexual harassment etc. Over the years the Equal OpportunityRead MoreThe Versus Kansas City, Missouri Essay1483 Words   |  6 Pagesbeing â€Å"mothers† and having to take care of the children along with other so called home â€Å"duties.† They were not allowed to vote until fairly recently. Astonishingly, women in the United States were not allowed to have their own bank account before 1974. There is no reasonable excuse for such restrictions, except to keep women under the control of men. Altogether, the United States’ has a history of discriminating against women. Women have historically been treated as second class citizens, especiallyRead MoreEeo Research Paper1158 Words   |  5 Pagesand regulatory actions. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was the first federal law designed to protect most U.S. employees from employment discrimination based upon the employee’s (or applicant’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. (Public Law 88-352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 253, 42 U.S.C. Sec. 2000e et. Seq.). [1] The title also established the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to assist in the protection of U.S. employees from discrimination. Equal employmentRead MoreJloj9400 Words   |  38 PagesEmploy Respons Rights J (2007) 19:95–111 DOI 10.1007/s10672-007-9037-z Appearance-based Sex Discrimination and Stereotyping in the Workplace: Whose Conduct Should We Regulate? Stan Malos Published online: 12 April 2007 # Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2007 Abstract Court treatment of sex discrimination and harassment claims based on appearance and gender stereotyping has been inconsistent, particularly where the facts involve reference to sexual orientation. Ironically, court willingnessRead MorePolicy Project : Women s Rights1603 Words   |  7 PagesPolicy Project Part 1: Women’s Rights Policy Analysis History The first public demand for the Constitutional Amendment of women’s rights began before the Civil War, however, the Amendment for it has still not been ratified in the United States Constitution. The introduction for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) began in 1848 with the Woman’s Rights Convention in Seneca Falls. Over three hundred women and men met and eventually agreed that the resolution for women’s rights should be supported. Many supportersRead MoreThe Legal Environment: Equal Employment Opportunity and Safety6188 Words   |  25 Pagesagencies, and judicial bodies whose decisions affect the legality of HRM practices. Major laws and executive orders, particularly those pertaining to elements of discrimination, are then reviewed. Four theories of discrimination are presented along with court case examples. Next, sexual harassment and the Americans with Disabilities Act are discussed. Finally, the chapter reviews what policies and practices employers may dev elop regarding employee safety. Learning Objectives After studying thisRead MoreLiterature Review: Gender Discrimination6595 Words   |  27 PagesReview Tony Hinds Liberty University Dr. Janet Jones October 11, 2013 Abstract The purpose of this literature review is to identify, discuss, and address gender discrimination in the workplace. Due to the broad spectrum of research regarding gender discrimination, this paper will primarily focus on women and pregnancy discrimination. This paper will attempt to uncover the obstacles and challenges experienced by women as they are subjected to the employment process and, if accepted for employment

Conflict And Symbolism In Edgar Allan Poes The Tell-Tale...

Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, a short story about internal conflict and obsession, showcases the tortured soul due to a guilty conscience. The story opens with an unnamed narrator describing a man deranged and plagued with a guilty conscience for a murderous act. Edgar Allan Poe was a very popular and magnificent writer back in his day, around the 1800s. You may or may not have heard of him, but, he’s very popular for his dark and haunting poetry and short stories. Two of his most popular and famous works include The Raven and Tale Tell Heart. If you compare these two, you can already see his great use of words to express how he feels, thinks, and what he sees by using suspense and symbolism. The Raven is a poem about a man†¦show more content†¦Another key point of this poem is the authors unreliability. He claims he hears angels and compared to his mood in the beginning to after he â€Å"hears† angels, his personality takes a whole 360. The basic moral of the story is that if the darkness consumes your heart, you become sinister and evil, similar to that. Tale Tell Heart is a different story, though. In Tell Tale Heart, the narrator dwells upon an old man who has never done harm to him, except for his â€Å"vulture eye† that tormented him throughout the story. The narrator foreshadowed this incident by stating â€Å"I was never kinder to the old man than during the whole week before I killed him.† Similar to The Raven, Tell Tale Heart also has an unreliable narrator. Within the first part of the short story, the narrator claims he’s not a â€Å"madman† stating â€Å"The disease had sharpened my senses --not destroyed --not dulled them. Above all was the sense of hearing acute. I heard all things in the heaven and in the earth. I heard many things in hell. How, then, am I mad? Hearken! and observe how healthily --how calmly I can tell you the whole story.† The fact that he can hear things from heaven and hell, you can already infer he’s mad. Though it is obvious he did a misdeed, he seems to have no remorse over the homicide he has done. I nstead of even just a bit of penitence, he seems to claim heShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Great Gatsby 1416 Words   |  6 Pageswealth of his uncles helped him follow the dreams of becoming a writer. Hawthorne originally had no â€Å"w† in his name, yet he wanted to separate himself with the connection of one of his ancestors, John Hathorne, who was accused of using witchcraft. Edgar Allan Poe, born in the year 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts, was also a writer in Dark Romanticism. An orphan at a young age, Poe was going through a tough childhood. He took in gambling in his college years, and enlisted in the army. Struggling throughRead More Symbolism and Irony in The Tell-Tale Heart Essay2249 Words   |  9 PagesSymbolism   and Irony in The Tell-Tale Heart In Edgar Allan Poes short story The Tell-Tale Heart, the author combines vivid symbolism with subtle irony. Although the story runs only four pages, within those few pages many examples of symbolism and irony abound. In short, the symbolism and irony lead to an enormously improved story as compared to a story with the same plot but with these two elements missing. The Tell-Tale Heart consists of a monologue in which the murderer ofRead MoreTerm Paper Edgar Allan Poes Infatuation with Death1498 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allan Poes Infatuation with Death Ralph Emerson once wrote, Talent alone cannot make the writer. There must be a man behind the book. Edgar Allan Poe acquired the ability to write Gothic horror through the tragedies that existed in his life. At three years old Poe lost his mother and father. Grief and sadness overwhelmed Poes childhood and eventually his literary style. By temperament and mournful personal experience, Poe was drawn into the contemporary cult of death (KennedyRead MoreLiterary Devices In The Tell Tale Heart1707 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allen Poe was known for his dark-romanticism writings which evoked horror in readers. Seen specifically in his short story, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart†, readers are able to get into the mind of the mentally ill narrator who murders an elderly man, one whom he claimed to love. Poe created conflict in this story by having the narrator admit to loving the man and having him be his caretaker. Conflict, and the story line, is created because it makes readers question why he would commit such a heinousRead MoreThe Symbolism Of Edgar Allen Poe1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe Symbolism in Edgar Allen Poe’ Works -14090304 Maggie æâ€" ¹Ã¥ ­ Ã¦â€¡ ¿Fang Ziyi- As a master of short stories of horror, Edgar Allan Poe is knowledgeable, learned and imaginative. He could skillfully manipulate the words in his literary works to create everything people can think of. The masterful use of the symbols, objects intensify the readers’ nerve as the typical elements of horror in Poe’s short stories, and therefore it is also a feature which makes Poe s stories different from other writers. InRead MoreAlcoholism In Edgar Allan Poes The Black Cat1197 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Black Cat† is a tale of a man who suffers from alcoholism. In this tale the protagonist whose name is never revealed is deranged by his addiction. The story begins with the narrator describing his love for all his pets. He says â€Å"I was especially fond of animals, and was indulged by my parents with a great variety of pets. With these I spent most of my time, and never was so happy as when feeding and caressing them.† (Poe p.1) Although, the narrators’ personality alters whenRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe : A Literary Catalyst2302 Words   |  10 PagesEdgar Allan Poe: A Literary Catalyst Edgar Allan Poe created a new age of poem and prose though his articulate calculation of production and fantastic usage of poetic effect. His way of creating a work was to mathematically draw the poem from the atmosphere or effect backwards, running this idea throughout the piece. Many people consider Edgar Allan Poe as one of America’s greatest authors, but still question that without Poe, the unveiling of the human propensity represented in poetryRead MoreTell Tale Heart Analysis1176 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Opera by Gaston Leroux and The Hunchback of Notre Dame by Victor Hugo were written in this style. Edgar Allan Poe was one well known Gothic writer and poet from the early eighteen hundreds; he was especially famous for his tales of mystery and macabre. A popular dark short story, â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† and one of his first and most famous poems, â€Å"The Raven,† are no exception. â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† is a story of murder narrated by the culprit himself, while â€Å"The Raven† is a melancholy poem aboutRead MoreThe Beating Heart Of Literature2346 Words   |  10 PagesHair Professor Larson Composition II 28 April 2015 The Beating Heart of Literature The Tell-Tale Heart is a classic story that students around the world read, analyze, and write research papers about. It was written by the famous Edgar Allan Poe. There is a great reason why The Tell-Tale Heart is such a popular story. It contains wonderful examples of basic and complex literary elements. The literary elements in The Tell-Tale Heart include imagery, characterization, setting, point of view, and themeRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1644 Words   |  7 Pages Edgar Allan Poe was a prominent American writer whose writing reflected his tragic life. He began to sell short stories for profit after being forced to leave United States Military Academy for lack of financial support. Over the next decade, Poe published some of his best-known works, including The Fall of the House of Usher (1839), The Raven (1845), and The Cask of Amontillado (1846). It is in these stories that Poe established his unique dark writing style that often have the recurring theme

Essay on Character Analysis of Lancelot in the Movie the...

In the medieval time, knight was a really essential part of the society, because they protected people and prosperities for them. They are respected, and have good behavior. In order to keep the good reputation, people came up with the code of chivalry which lists all the qualities that a knight should have. The movie, First Knight is about a man named Lancelot who is good with sword. He saves the life of King Arthur’s wife, Guinevere, and his behavior captures King Arthur’s attention. Then, he is invited to join the knights of the round table of King Arthur. He goes to a public trial because he has an affair with Guinevere, but then Camelot got invaded. Lancelot killed Malagant, and saves the day. In this movie, Lancelot is a great†¦show more content†¦Loyalty is very necessary for a knight, and Lancelot shows it vividly. Lancelot is not in a position that he is proud of when the problem comes, but he still works for what he believes in. Lancelot is facing a p ublic trial in Camelot. Suddenly, Camelot is surrounded by the army of Malagant. He threated King Arthur to give him the city, or everybody will die. King Arthur starts the battle with Malagant’s army, and he gets shoots in his chest four times by crossbow. Lancelot goes into the crown, and he fights with Malagant who is also really good at sword. It is a really tough fight, so both of them gets injured. He does not give up, and he kills Malagant eventually. Lancelot is not trusted by King Arthur at the time when Camelot is invaded, because he is caught kissing Guinevere. He may be killed by King Arthur, and he can just run away due to the enormous chaos in the city at that tie. But he remembers that he is a knight, and he cannot fail the people in Camelot. So he picks up a sword, and helps people to defend their city. When he is fighting with Malagant, he tries to save an old man under the brutal broadsword of a knight of Malagant. He gets injured because of this action. All Lancelot has done shows everyone that he has loyalty to the city, Camelot, and his lord, King Arthur. Lancelot is valiant, faithful and humble. When Lancelot is in Lionesses, he competes with other guys. HeShow MoreRelated Thomas Malory’s Le Morte Darthur and Monty Python and the Holy Grail2221 Words   |  9 Pagesserious analysis of Monty Python’s parody of the female seduction motif in what may be the most memorable and hilarious episode of the film. Much of the humor in Monty Python and the Holy Grail derives from the pure absurdity of its characters and situations. King Arthur roams the British countryside on an imaginary horse, evil enemies can only be appeased with offerings of shrubbery, and the knights of the Round Table battle a bloodthirsty killer bunny, to cite just a few examples. The movie containsRead MoreKing Arthur Analysis1337 Words   |  6 PagesMandira Panta Arthurian Literature Prof. Beth Martin Birky Fim Analysis: King Arthur December 7, 2017 King Arthur: Historically Inaccurate but Intriguing The film King Arthur (2004), as it proclaims is the â€Å"untold true story that inspired the legend†. With Clive Owen and Keira Knightley as the main characters, the trailer looked very promising. Yet, the movie was a great disappointment to many of the Arthurian legends enthusiasts. Jonathan Rosenbaum, an American film critic said â€Å"If this is historyRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagesone- or two-page statement of purpose that includes five or so paragraphs focusing on the numbered topics above. Others write three- or- four-paged essays that include one or more paragraphs for the items listed above. As always, follow word- or character-count guidelines noted in the prompt. As the list of content items suggests, organize your paragraphs chronologically and trace the development of your interest in an academic field or subject area, thus developing cohesiveness within and betweenRead MoreMarriage and Cohabitation13809 Words   |  56 Pagesconsiste d of loosely organized groups of as many as 30 people, with several male leaders, multiple women shared by them, and children. As hunter-gatherers settled down into agrarian civilizations, society had a need for more stable arrangements. The first recorded evidence of marriage ceremonies uniting one woman and one man dates from about 2350 B.C., in Mesopotamia. Over the next several hundred years, marriage evolved into a widespread institution embraced by the ancient Hebrews, Greeks, and Romans

Brand Image of a University Free Essays

INTRODUCTION Origin of Report As a part of our Marketing 465, Brand Management course, we learnt the various aspects of marketing and the management of brands. Problem and Purpose We were assigned a project where we were asked to find out the brand image of private university business graduates; and more specifically, the brand image of North South University, its positioning and state any improvements if necessary. Scope and Limitations The main limitation of this project was the lack of time required to carry out the type of research this project requires. We will write a custom essay sample on Brand Image of a University or any similar topic only for you Order Now Historical Background †¦ Hypothesis We hoped to establish that North South University is the best private university in Bangladesh. Research Methodology As stated previously, due to the lack of time we were not able to conduct the type of in-depth research that this project required. Instead the basis of our research were a set of in-depth interviews we carried out among various categories of people, such as current students of North South University, alumni, guardians, faculties, prospective/current employers, students of other universities, faculties of other universities, the University Grants Commission, prospective students, and the general public. There were sets of questions (See Appendix) for the various categories, and interviews were taken accordingly. THE SURVEY Findings Current Student For the current students who study at North South University, this is the best alternative for us after IBA and going abroad for studies. It’s the pioneer private university in Bangladesh, and quite popular. Even though through the years the quality of NSU has diminished, there are too many students taken in, and especially through the â€Å"backdoor† policy, and it’s become really unfair to those who work hard. However, NSU still has a lot of good name, and people do have goodwill towards it. Alumni According to the questions asked to Alumni of North South University, they believe that NSU’s graduates have an advantage over other graduates of other schools because they are more fluent in English, smart, and easily adaptable with the organizational environment. Guardians According to guardians of students studying in North South University, they believe that NSU graduates will be able to have: Jobs in MNC, monetary benefit, and be able to finish graduation quickly. They also believe that NSU is highly competitive, has the best educational quality, and the best faculty. Faculties According to faculties believe that NSU is a good university but not as good as IBA. This is because IBA concentrates more on practical fieldwork, where NSU is still lacking. Another factor they said that NSU has very short semesters, so faculties aren’t able to cover their topics completely. However, NSU students have good presentation skills, are intelligent and also street smart. Employers Certain employers believe that the graduates that come out of NSU are very hot-headed and pompous, and many of them have high CGPAs but cannot even communicate properly in the English language. NSU is believed to be the next best alternative to IBA. IBA might have worse teachers, but their student intake is much better. Students of other universities Students of other universities believe that a private university’s business program provides better job opportunities. Private universities are more efficient than pubic universities. North South University is very popular and quite sought after. University staff The university staff believes that the environment of NSU is not good. They brought up issues regarding clothing and student’s behaviour. They think students are very rude and disrespectful. University Grants Commission There are several factors through which the UGC grants a university, it focuses on infrastructure, faculties, how much money there is in the fund to make their own campus etc. Then in order to rank a university, they see how many students compete for a single seat during the admission process, the value of the certificate in the job sector, the quality of the faculties and the quality of the students. A complaint they made is that all universities are expected to shift to their new campus within 5 years of establishment, but none of the private universities have been able to do so. Prospective Students Most of the prospective students we interviewed, around the age of 16-18, none of them want to come to NSU. They believe that NSU is becoming too overrated and crowded. They would either try for abroad, or a public university, and then try for a private university. General Public In the eyes of the general public, NSU is still very sought after and considered a very good place for education. It’s only the people who are direct recipients of NSU’s output, the students and the employers who are affected the most. NSU students are seen are very culturally â€Å"fast† and ignorant. Conclusion After research we can conclude that academically, the students of NSU are good but there are behavioral and attitude problems among themselves. They’re more ignorant about what’s going on outside of NSU and they’re very pompous and they lack professionalism in the corporate world. There are a certain percentage of students who create a bad image for NSU, so most students are slammed with this label as well. But NSU comprises of all types of students from various social and economical backgrounds and not all are bad. Recommendations Alumni: Teaching method should be more practical based Internship in a good organization is very important. CPDS of NSU should be efficient enough to manage their graduates’ internship in a good organization NSU should organize more and more seminar, workshop regarding different organizational issues. University staff correct English grammar in both reading and writing environmental discipline cultural discipline manner build up moral character dress code study more Employers NSU should increase their employability NSU’s image is of No. 2, they should raise it to No. 1 NSU should move on to the researching level and provide consultancy to the different companies. Most foreign universities do consultancy work for companies on their countries. It really sets the standard for good quality education. Universities should talk to employers and brush up on the curriculum NSU should go for downward extension and start from the grassroots level. They should create primary and secondary level education so that the students go directly to the university level. 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Managing People and Organisation for Framework-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Managing People and Organisation for Analytical Framework. Answer: Introduction Employees are the most important as well as the major resource of every organization and allocating them to the positions they are worthy of are the responsibility of the Human Resource Management. This report is going to elaborate on an insight view of Sir David E. Guests Human Resource Management Journal. It is going to focus on the three basic question related to what the author mean by the term employee well-being; why is employee well-being important in the field of HRM; and what is the purpose of the framework that the author has proposed. Finally the report shall end up with a conclusion that shall sum up the whole paper in a precise manner. Discussion Employee Well-being By the term employee well-being David E. Guest refers to the part of overall well-being of an employee that he perceive to be purposive primarily by his work and could be affected by the interventions in the workplace. It is associated with the physical and managerial workplace considerations, advancement and the psychological health of the employees. Importance of employee well-being in the field of HRM Employee well-being is associated with their physical and emotional health, which are likely to affect the performance of the employees in their workplace (Guest 2018). The employees with good mental and physical heath are committed to their job roles, as they feel appreciated and supported by their seniors/employers. They then willingly go to the extra miles, knowing that their efforts will be recognized and rewarded. On the other hand, un-healthy employees or the employees with physical or emotional issues call in sickness more often. They probably do not work at their utmost productive level, which in turn affects the overall business. On the other hand, supplying the employees with a supportive environment, which puts focus on their wellness, will create a happier working team. Supportive environment, when paired with benefits like competitive pay and retirement options motivates the employees to stay with the company for a long haul. Purpose of the framework proposed by the author The framework proposed by David E. Guest sets out an optional approach to the Human Resource Management, which gives importance or priority to the practices that are designed particularly for enhancing employee well-being as well as for building a positive employment relationship (Guest 2018). The main purpose of the article is to promoting awareness of the fact that both these elements are equally essential for improving the organizational and individual performance. Conclusion From the above discussion it is to be concluded that employee well-being is directly proportional to organizational performance. Taking care of employee well-being is an essential part of the HRM practices, as there is a very strong linkage in between supportive workplace and happy employees. Employees feels more motivated when their physical and mental needs are look after by the organization. Hence, making the employee well-being as a priority would always have a favorable and positive return on the workforce performance and availability of the organizations. References Guest, D. 2017, Human resource management and employee well-being: towards a new analytical framework, Human Resource Management Journal, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.22-38.

Heroes, Born or Made free essay sample

The greatest Allied air ace of World War One, Canadian Billy Bishop, comes to mind. Some anti-hero types took it upon themselves to challenge the veracity of Bishops claim of 72 kills. Subsequently, their thesis was proved incorrect and Bishops honour and his Victoria Cross were shown to have been honourably and rightly earned. Another Canadian hero and VC winner was Lieutenant Alexander Roberts Dunn for his heroism during the charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaklava, October 1854. Dunn was the first Canadian to be awarded a VC; since then, 93 others, including Bishop, have received this highly respected and much valued military honour. Perhaps, of all the military medals awarded for valour anywhere in the world, the Victoria Cross stands above all others. Of course, the world knows of Canadian John McCrae and his world-famous poem, In Flanders Fields. McCrae and his poem are front and centre annually at Cenotaphs across Canada during November 11th Remembrance Day services. Not only in Canada, but also in many Western countries McCraes In Flanders Fields is recited or sung at services to honour those who stepped forward, volunteered and in some cases, died for democracy. We are the dead. Short days ago we lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow, loved, and were loved, and now we lie In Flanders Fields. An interesting sidebar to the Victoria Cross is that three Winnipeggers all from the same street received this high honour. It is believed to be the only street in the world to have three VC winners who lived there. The City of Winnipeg named the street Valour Road in honour of Leo Clarke, Fred Hall and Robert Shankland. The streets previous name was Pine Street. Their war was the Great War or, World War One. The Canadian Navy, too, has its heroes; among them a VC winner. In the latter stages of World War Two, RCN pilot Lieutenant Robert Hampton Gray flew his flaming aircraft into a Japanese destroyer. For his heroic action, he was awarded the VC, posthumously. At the time, Gray was serving onboard the Royal Navy aircraft carrier, HMS Formidable. More recent times have seen the Canadian Navy perform admirably under duress; and while this next part is not centred on a particular person, the hero of the piece is the ship itself and its complement. During Operation Apollo, HMCS Ottawa was tasked to patrol the Arabian Gulf region with explicit instructions to intercept any vessel sailing in those troubled waters with a view to checking its identity, examining its cargo and passengers and ascertaining its destination. The interdiction duty included boarding when and where necessary in search of contraband goods or fugitives fleeing from Iraq. Ottawa received intelligence that a ship a contact of interest was about to weigh anchor in the Arabian Gulf. The ships destination was unknown and that heightened the interest Ottawa had in the vessel. Later, it was learned that the contact of interest was M/V [motor vessel] Roaa. The Canadian warship was ordered to search for Roaa in the Straits of Hormuz, a narrow passage in the Gulf between territorial waters of Oman and Iran. For about three days, Ottawas ships company, especially the ships communications crew, queried ships passing through the Strait about their identities and voyage information. As the area is narrow and with much traffic, the querying of the ships identities and destinations was hectic. The task was formidable and exhausting. As one Ottawa sailor put it later, We were just all anxious to find the guy and get the job done. The task of identifying the passing ships was more than just hailing them and asking about their nationality. Ottawas acoustic section b ecame involved as the department tested the data collected for legitimacy. Each vessel was checked against its destination. After three days on intense interdiction duty and hundreds of checks, there was no sign of Roaa. Had she slipped the noose and sailed away unchallenged? The thought was troubling to Ottawas crews pride. Then, additional intelligence was received that indicated that the contact of interest was anchored in the approaches to a nearby port. This particular port had gained the name of The Parking Lot. There, hiding among dozens of other vessels, was M/V Roaa. The sharp on top eye of a Canadian Aurora maritime patrol aircraft had spotted the ship. Apparently, the Roaas captain had thought that if he dropped anchor and remained quiet among the many other vessels in the Parking Lot, his ship would avoid detection. Clearly, he had not considered the Canadians determination to find their prey. Now that Roaa -the needle in the haystack -had been sighted, it was important that Ottawa not give away her position to the enemy. Under cover of darkness, Ottawa slipped undetected into the area and took over surveillance from another multinational naval unit. Roaa was, after all, Ottawas target, her contact of interest. We had to weave through about 20 ships anchored close together just to find her. Those words from a member of Ottawas crew as he related the event later. HMCS Ottawa maintained contact with Roaa all the while waiting for the contact of interest to make a move that would permit the Canadian ships naval boarding party [NBP] to move into position. In a move that would bring credit to the best of Hollywood, Ottawas helicopter moved into position. To be certain that the ship was the correct vessel the helicopters infrared camera was used. It confirmed that the suspect vessel was the Roaa. When daylight came, it was apparent that the contact of interest had changed its name and had a different national flag flying at its stern. It seemed that Ottawas persistence had paid off and that Roaas subterfuge had failed. Ottawa tracked Roaa for about 12 hours and as soon as the contact of interest moved out of territorial waters into international waters, the Canadian ship increased speed to 30 knots and slipped in alongside the other vessel, and, as darkness has fallen, illuminated her with high-power search lights. Ottawas commanding officer signalled his intentions to board Roaa, Ottawas NBP stealthily scaled the side of the foreign vessel. Before Roaas crew knew that they were being overtaken, the bridge and engine room were secured and Ottawa had control of the ship. Just like out of the movies a classic John Wayne style manoeuvre only better, because these were real Canadians carrying out their duty rather than Hollywood actors pretending to be heroes. After the boarding, one of the NBP crew was asked, What was it like to be the first person up the ladder? He replied, No real worries. Were always ready for whatever might happen. You trust the other members of your team; besides, if they [the enemy] cant see you coming, it doesnt make you a target. This heroic Canadian sailor added, At first, the crew were really stunned. But when they realized that we would take care of them, they relaxed a bit. Once upon the contact of interest, Ottawas boarding party secured the vessel before the Roaas crew could affix the anti-boarding devices lying in wait at every door, hatch and window; sheets of metal ready to be welded on at the hint of a boarding. Training and a little creativity paid off. It was a beautiful boarding. Training and a little creativity, indeed! Rather typical of Canadas naval personnel. Ready, Aye, Ready. After Roaa was in Ottawas control, a small crew from the Canadian ship took command and sailed the vessel to a detention area. The captain said, later, What an experience. It was nice change from routine ops. The interim captain added, Roaa was absolutely filthy, but, fortunately, I only had to stand on the bridge and didnt have to search through the galley or the heads. Eight hours was long enough. The captain sailed Roaa to a holding area in the Arabian Gulf where local authorities began a legal process. The value of this action by Ottawas crew is two-fold: One, the Canadian ships crew gained firsthand experience and an opportunity to test their readiness in this new battlefield, and two, the evidence gained offered links that might lead to the capture of bigger foe. Canadas contribution to the Arabian Gulf operations was as evidenced in the above example exemplary and put the countrys navy at the top of any list of stalwarts capable of getting on with the grunt. Unfortunately, Ottawas continued soft approach to evil tends to take away from the heroics of Canadas naval personnel as they carry out their duties. One is reminded of the Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962 when the Soviets were intent on installing missile sites on Cuban soil. The Americans [USN] placed a naval blockade around Cuba to stop each Soviet ship suspected of carrying missiles or missile launching equipment. At the time, Ottawa refused to assist Washington. The Canadian Navy, however, saw the need and despatched several ships to join with the U. S. Navy in the blockade. This action was taken by the Canadian Navy admiral in charge without sanction by Ottawa. As it turned out, the Canadian prime minister was unaware of how the Canadian Navy had assisted the American Navy. By Ottawa being kept out of the loop, good things were able to be carried out. Had Ottawa been involved, probably a heated discussion between the politicians and their fawning bureaucrats in Ottawa and the Navy would still be underway, four decades later. Let the Navy get on with the grunt and good things will happen; keep Ottawa out of the loop and let the greater good over the lesser evil prevail. Heroes; are they born or are they made? Do they rise to unexpected heights because of circumstances or because of fate? [All quotes are from Anatomy of a boarding, a national defence current operations article. ]

Nicaragua People And Way Of Life Essays - Somoza Family, Nicaragua

Nicaragua: People and Way of Life Most Nicaraguans are mestizos. That is that they have white and Indian ancestors. There way of life is somewhat similar to that of Spanish Americans in other Central American countries. Most people belong to the Roman Catholic Church and speak Spanish. Most of Nicaragua's people are poor farmers. Many of those in the Pacific Region are peasants who work on their own farms, cooperatives, state farms, or large private farms. In warmer areas, agriculture workers live in metal roofed houses. In the colder areas of the Central Highlands, they live in adobe houses with tile roofs. The only Indian groups in Nicaragua that follow their own languages and their old ways of life are in the thinly populated Caribbean Region. In the early 1980's some of these Indians became involved in anti-government things. Because of this, the government moved some Indian groups from their homes near the border to areas in the interior of Nicaragua. Education Nicaragua has a law that requires children to go to school from the age of six through twelve. Before 1980, only about half the children did so because they were poor and couldn't afford to be sent or it was that there weren't many schools around where they lived. Nicaragua did not have enough schools, and many rural areas had no schools at all. But since then the new government has built hundreds of schools. The government also held a successful literacy campaign headed mainly by young volunteer teachers. Nicaragua has two universities. The national University of Nicaragua, in Le?n and Managua, is the older and larger one. It was founded in 1812 and has more than seven thousand students. The Central American University is a Roman Catholic institution in Managua. Government A president heads the government of Nicaragua. The people elect the president and a legislature called the National Assembly. The president appoints a Cabinet to help carry out the operations of the government. This government is very similar to our own government. The president, most of the Cabinet members, and the majority of the National Assembly members belong to a political party called the Sandinista National Liberation Front. In 1979, the Sandinistas led a revolution that overthrew the government of the Somoza family, which had long ruled Nicaragua. From 1979 to 1984 the Sandinistas controlled the government largely through a three-member junta, or a ruling body. The president and the national assembly were elected in 1984. History In 1502 Christopher Columbus claimed Nicaragua for Spain. The Spaniards did not really settle in Nicaragua. Many pirates set up hideouts and Dutch as well as others went to Nicaragua instead. On September 15, 1821 Nicaragua and other Central American states declared their independence. They later became part of the Mexican Empire but broke away in 1823. They formed the United Provinces of Central America. This union generally followed liberal economic and political policies. The union began to fall apart because of conservative landowners and the clergy to regain their old privileges. In 1838 Nicaragua left the Union. In 1979 their was a civil war which drove the Somoza family out of government office. They had ruled from 1937 to 1979. Somoza was assassinated in 1980 while leaving the country as an order by the rebels who fought and won.

Compare and Contrast Theories essay

Compare and Contrast Theories essay Compare and Contrast Theories essay Compare and Contrast Theories essayHuman beings are rather complex and versatile. On the one hand we have a lot of natural instincts, in the same way like animals; on the other hand, we are sufficiently different from them thanks to our rich inside world. In order to understand the human behavior, the human thought, it is necessary to go deep inside the human nature, which is possible only with the help of various psychological theories. There are some basic theories, but certainly a lot of the new ones are constantly appearing and developing. However general information about all of these theories can contribute greatly to better understanding of the main mechanisms of human brains and emotions, the reasoning for the behavioral types and so on.   Further in this paper we are going to compare and contrast some most well-known and developed theories, including Gestalt Theory, Behavioral Theory REBT and Person Centered.Gestalt psychology came to us from Germany, â€Å"German: Gestal t – essence or shape of an entitys complete form (Nevis, 2000). The main principle of this theory is the ability of human brain to see the general form of an object initially, without splitting it into the constituent parts. There are some laws, according to which, people are able to perceive the concrete objects in this world full of noise and motion. According to Gestalt psychologists, the process of perception is possible thanks to various stimuli. Behaviorist approach concentrated upon understanding of cognitive processes, whereas for Gestalt psychology their organization is of prior importance. â€Å"The gestalt effect is the form-generating capability of our senses, particularly with respect to the visual recognition of figures and whole forms instead of just a collection of simple lines and curves† (Nevis, 2000). Structuralism is opposed to Gestalt theory, because it supports the idea, that the whole is not understood as simply the sum of some parts. Development of the key ideas of Gestalt psychology led to working out of Gestalt therapy; here the names of Fritz and Laura Perls are of primary importance. The name of Kurt Goldstein is famous for his application of Gestalt psychology towards the organism functioning. Laura Perls, as well as Fritz Perls, studied Gestalt psychology before starting to work as a psychoanalyst. So, there is certainly some influence upon Gestalt therapy, coming from Gestalt psychology, however, there are a lot of disputes concerning this matter.REBT – rational emotive behavior therapy was called rational emotive therapy. The main aims of this therapy can be summarized as – resolving of emotional and behavioral problems of individuals, in order to assure for them the possibility to lead happy and healthy lives. Albert Ellis is the developer of this therapy, based his approach on the numerous achievements of Greek, Roman and Asian philosophers. REBT is also considered to be a form of cognitive behavio r therapy. The main belief of REBT is based on the idea, which was first expressed by Epictetus people in reality are not upset by the events in their lives, rather by their viewing of these events.Further on we are going to stop briefly on some key concepts of Gestalt and REBT therapies, the main methods used and the ways of cooperation between therapist and a client. The Gestalt approach holds that dwelling on the past and fantasizing about the future can be ways to avoid the present, and that there is power in facing the present (Corey, 2009). Determinism, which is usually defined, as the belief that all the events are the logical and necessary consequences of the past events, is one the key aspects, which need to be considered in Gestalt therapy.  The task of the therapist at this moment is to attract attention of the patient to the present time; usually it is done with the help of typical â€Å"how† and what† questions, for example – What are you doing wi th your hand at the moment?The roots of Gestalt therapy can be traced in the concepts of existential philosophy, studying the condition of being human (Nevis, 2000). Unfortunately a lot of people nowadays have to go through the feelings of isolation, loneliness, confusion and so on. Existential therapy is aimed to help patients to overcome their actual states. All the possible bad life situations should be reconsidered in comparison to the opportunities, people’s lives are able to bring, explaining them, what they gain, being human beings. Therapists do their best to assure patients, that they have their freedom of choice; however, they are bearing the responsibility for their decisions and actions. There are two main approaches applied: experiential and phenomenological, which aim to influence upon the way of experiencing things by the patient. â€Å"Phenomenology is a discipline that helps patients stand aside from their usual way of thinking so that they can distinguish t he difference between what is actually perceived and felt in the current situation and what is due to past events† (Corey, 2009). Phenomenological questions are usually based on the present moment, helping the patients feel the present time, the events, which are taking place in this very moment.As soon as therapists use Gestalt psychology, they should guarantee equal, person-to-person communication with their patients. The techniques, applied during these sessions, need the presence of the therapist. Moreover, some practitioners believe, that the techniques are of less importance than the presence and the process of personal communication. The relations between therapist and patient are usually developed even before starting to use the techniques, because patient needs time to develop trust.Talking about maladjustment in the frames of Gestalt therapy, it is necessary to distinguish the five main disturbances, which are able to contribute to development of it: â€Å"introject ion, projection, retroflection, deflection and confluence† (Nevis, 2000). Individuals are suffering from the feeling, that they can not adjust to the changing environment, can not build their normal interaction with the world around. Also rather negative influence is brought by unfinished business. Often Gestalt therapists see their aim exactly in investigating the roots of patient’s grief, anger, guilt in relation with some unfinished business, which makes the obstacles for complete self-awareness of the patient. REBT therapists see the roots of maladjustment in the way how their patients treat the events and think about the things around them. Life experience, along with individual biological aspects, is responsible for possibility of emotional disturbances.In order to distract from unpleasant reality and the consequent emotional problems, it is necessary to accept the real situation. REBT therapists aim to help their patients in developing three types of acceptance: â€Å"(1) unconditional self-acceptance; (2) unconditional other-acceptance; and (3) unconditional life-acceptance (Velten, 2010). As soon as an individual is able to feel comfortable about such facts that everybody has flaws, along with good points, sometimes people around do not treat each other fairly and life is not always going the way we want, and develop acceptance of them, he is able to go out of emotionally depressed state.Psychoanalytic theory is another approach for identifying the structure of personality and the major driving forces for human behavior. Within the 19th century Sigmund Freud came out with his psychoanalytic theory, based on brain and physiological studies. He stated that childhood events have the primary influence upon the formation of mentality of adult individuals. He presented people, as those having aggressive and sexual drives, making the behavior of them strongly deterministic. â€Å"It is governed by irrational forces, and the unconscious, as wel l instinctual and biological drives. Due to this deterministic nature, psychoanalytic theorists do not believe in free will† (Velten 2010).Alfred Adler, a well-known philosopher and psychiatrist, in his turn suggested investigation of social context for understanding the roots of human psychological problems. He developed the theory of encouragement, stating that a person is able to develop his best sides, when he is encouraged and on the contrary – lack of encouragement can make him act in unhealthy ways. This theory seems to be good rather for children that adults.Between 1940s and 1950s psychologist Carl Rogers developed PCT – a form of talk- psychotherapy – person –centered psychotherapy. The main aim of therapists here is to help their patients develop the sense of self, along with realization of how their attitudes and behavior can be negatively affected (Rogers, 1980). In spite of serious critic from behaviorists, this therapy proved to bring effect and positive results. One of the most strong points of this theory is the presentation of therapist and client as equals. This gives the chance for the client to take the complete responsibility for all improvements in his life and views, whereas in other theories – this role is usually passed to the therapist. The role of the therapist thus is limited to just a friendly counselor. â€Å"If there are any techniques they are listening, accepting, understanding and sharing, which seem more attitude-orientated than skills-orientated† (Rogers, 1980).Overall, having briefly studies several well-known psychological theories, including Gestalt Theory /Behavioral Theory REBT/ Cognitive based, Psychoanalytic, Adler’s and Person Centered approach, we can conclude, that Person Centered approach is the strongest one in developing of potential of people, who in fact are able to find the best ways in their lives; realization, fulfillment, autonomy, self-determination, being the major aims of this therapy are also the key aspects for becoming a happy and self-sufficient personality.

Madatory labeling In Resturants Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Madatory labeling In Resturants - Essay Example This could be in terms of ingredients that are not fit for their consumption and processes used for production that are not of expected standards. (Elise Golan) The reasons for supporting mandatory labeling of foods have to do with the effects of genetically modified food on the health of individuals. The second reason has to do with the ingredients used in the production of the foods. (IFPRI) Some people may be on certain diets that do not allow them to consume the products. The third reason is basically for the benefit of the manufacturing company such that consumers prefer foods from certain companies because of their reputation, labeling makes them easily identifiable to the consumer. Lastly labeling is important for a country as it helps it in identifying products that come from countries that are known to violate manufacturing standards and therefore they do not allow them in the market to protect its citizens. It also enhances fair competition and market efficiency in a given country. (Elise Golan) Consumer choices may change due to mandatory labeling because they are able to identify products that have been certified as fit for use and those that have not. If for example the product is certified by an international accredited body, chances are consumers will buy it more as compared to another labeled by a local body. Consumer preferences in terms of quality will also make certain products to lose market as a result of these as they will be able to differentiate easily and make choices whether to buy or not. (Elise Golan) Elise Golan, Fred Kuchler, Barry Krissoff. Do Food Labels Make a Difference? . . . Sometimes. Novemeber 2007. 18 Septemeber 2011

Hitlers table talk Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hitlers table talk - Term Paper Example In August 1941, when someone had committed murder in Berlin, Hitler argued that offenders did not need an imprisonment but rather corporal punishment. He argued that the penal system of the time had given the first sentence unnecessary importance. These people deserved corporal punishment only. Sending one to jail would only give them an opportunity to perfect their art of breaking the law. He argued that in prisons other prisoners teach people new tactics. This is the sad truth in most of the prisoners in the world today. However, corporal punishment is not supported in the human rights law code and therefore inapplicable. It is worth noting other prisoners do honestly transform. He concludes that the criminal should just disappear so that they do not face trial. If all criminals disappear into society, crime would rise terribly. It is worthwhile to lock them up in prison but implement strategies that will ensure they transform. On August 19, Hitler mentioned that for the good of their country, the Germans should wish for war after every fifteen to twenty years. These wars would make sure that their army was preoccupied and not just playing with the soldiers. He further elaborates that he did not regret losing some of the soldiers in war because war creates an opportunity for Germany to enlarge their territory and therefore increase in number. This principle does not comply with the international law.

Strategic Management at Sainsburys

Strategic Management at Sainsburys Introduction The word â€Å"strategy† is often over-used in a fuzzy manner. Therefore this simple and straight-forward definition of strategy given by William E Rothschild, the business leader and an ex-General Electric veteran is one of the best available. He defines strategy as â€Å"What do you want to achieve or avoid? The answers to this question are objectives. How will you go about achieving your desired results? The answer to this you can call strategy.† The highlight of this definition is that it clearly distinguishes strategy from â€Å"objectives.† This assignment examines strategic management at Sainsburys, during various booms and busts from the days of its launch till date. The analysis is done within the various conceptual frameworks of strategic management in general and Michael Porters five forces model, in particular. Strategic Management An articulate, well-laid out and well-executed strategy is the cornerstone of long term prosperity of any business. Strategy operates at various levels, starting with Business or Corporate strategy. Since the ultimate goal of a business is to gain leadership position in one or the other form, business strategy shapes marketing strategy, competitive strategy and growth strategy. Corporate Strategy This is an organisation wide strategy that directs and controls the composition of all business activity. It starts with a clear and quantified mission statement. This area is a preserve of top management. Decisions are taken on: How resources will be allocated across the organisation Portfolio of activities for the firm Clear definition of the objectives One of the key ingredients of good strategic management is organisational leadership and its ability to clarify strategic intent. Driven by vision, it is â€Å"an articulation of a simple criterion or characterisation of what a company must become to establish and sustain global leadership.† (Source: Pearce et al pp 340). Competitive Strategy In an ideal situation of a monopoly, competitive strategy has no significance. But in reality this is never the case. In near perfect competition, leadership position comes to a business only by gaining sustainable advantage over its competititors. At times this also determines the growth paths that a business should take. For instance, evaluating a move away from core competence into a completely unrelated business, or initiating take-over of another business that can offer synergies. The five forces model Michael E Porter proposed the five forces model in 1980 in his book â€Å"Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors.† In this widely respected and accepted framework he suggests that there are five generic forces that act upon a business irrespective of what industry it operates in. These forces are: Competitive rivalry within the industry between existing businesses: The significance of this force in a sector such as the UK grocery retail sector, with large number of players, is the erosion of loyalty because of perceived commoditisation. Threat of new entrants: If the barriers to entry are low because of low capital investment or lack of regulation, it can create further pressure with price cutting. Bargaining power of suppliers: Leads to lack of control over the supply chain Bargaining power of customers: Erodes loyalty and causes switching Availability of substitutes: Once again erodes customer loyalty and causes switching. This is a real pressure on UKs retail sector. To counter these forces and gain competitive advantage a firm can adopt either or a combination of two business strategies: Comparative advantage / cost leadership: This emerges from economies of scale. It is a firms ability to source and produce at cost which is lower than its competitors and therefore earn higher margins. It does not necessarily mean offering lower price in the marketplace. Differential advantage / differentiation: Is a firms ability to create a unique perception about itself vis-à  -vis its competitors in the marketplace. It allows a business to cultivate loyal segments of customers. Sainsburys Background Founded and launched in 1869, J Sainsburys PLC has as rich a history as modern London. John James and Mary Ann Sainsbury launched their first store named Sainsburys at Drury Lane and quickly expanded to a chain of four shops by 1882. â€Å"Throughout companys history, the Sainsbury brand has been synonymous with good-quality, well-presented products, with 50 and 60 per cent of the range being sold under the various versions of Sainsburys brand.† (Source: Varley). An average Sainsburys supermarket today stocks approximately 30,000 products 50% of which are its own label. The company not only wants to deliver high quality products but also wants to be seen as doing this by its customer. (Source: Thompson et al pp 192). The mission of revival: In the last decade, the company has lost its leadership position to Tesco and ASDA.. Currently it has between 16-17% market share, and is placed at third position. In 2004, there was a change at the top level. In 2005, its new chief executive clarified the companys strategic intent by launching an organisation wide revival programme â€Å"Making Sainsburys Great Again† and announced a mission of increasing sales by  £2.5bn by the end of 2007-08. As a result of this turnaround program, at the end of this financial year, Sainsburys â€Å"has reported sales growth ahead of expectations.† (Source: BBC New Website) Competitive strategy: If history of successful businesses is analysed, it will clearly emerge that winners are in the top slots because of the risks they have take. Businesses hungry for long-term success identify gaps and problem areas and attempt to provide solutions to their customers. Leaders at the helm do this with a combination of instinct backed by objective analysis of emerging trends. This is precisely what Sainsburys did in an extremely tough economic and social environment during and after the World War II when external forces were threatening its existence. In a pioneering move in the UK market, the grocery chain re-engineered its store operations by adopting the American format of food-retailing. Its first â€Å"selfservice† store launched in 1950 immediately after the World War II, when food and other resources required for subsistence were scarce, became a success because it solved a major problem faced by customers it busted shopping queues. (Source: Sainsbur ys website). Such moves are evident through out its existence and its march towards becoming one of the best known retailers in the history of British business. Sainsburys today: A move towards consolidation and growth The company plans to focus on three of its core areas: Sainsburys Supermarkets, Sainsburys Online and Sainburys Bank Steps taken since 2004 in the retailing business: Price reduction across a number of products. Improving availability. Introduction of over 3000 new items. Introduction of nutritional labelling branded â€Å"Wheel of health† on over 1500 products. Introduction of â€Å"Try cards† under the slogan ‘Try Something New Today built on healthy eating plank. The initiative aims to add value to the food shopping habits and changing food consumption habits. Its success measured by â€Å"over 7 million ‘Try cards picked up in stores.† Engaging its 3500 smaller scale suppliers by launching a campaign â€Å"Supply Something.† The initiative is aimed at making local supply chain robust. Increasing non-food product categories especially to generate a minimum of  £700m sales. Initiating community participation programs such as â€Å"Active Kids campaign† involving donations of equipment to schools. Attempting to become a responsible corporate citizen by setting targets of reducing carbon emissions and introducing re-cycling. The company has a sourcing office in Hong Kong â€Å"Sainsburys serves 16 million customers each week in 455 supermarkets and 301 convenience stores across the country. The company employs 148,000 colleagues commited to delivering ‘Great Food at Fair Prices.† maintains the companys official website. All the above activities are aimed towards gaining either diffrential or cost leadership or a combination of both. The future There is an increase in sales in the grocery business over the last financial year amounting to Pounds 324 million a growth of 458.6% over 2006. However financial services that accounts for just 1.7% of the total sales has seen a fall of 11.8% over 2006. The organisation states one of it values as â€Å"Getting better Every Day.† In the current tight economic scenario, Shareholders are expecting most of the retailers to use their real estate assets for generating additional liquidity. But in a move completely reverse of the expectation, Sainsburys has tied-up with their lessor British Land. â€Å"Sainsburys also announced it was teaming up with British Land to create a  £1.2bn joint venture to run 39 superstores across the UK. The supermarket says it will invest  £273m into the venture, in which it will have a 50% stake. The stores are currently owned by British Land and leased to Sainsbury for 20 years.† (Source: BBC News Website). Land is the fundamental element in a large scale retail business and store location, store design and merchandise are all important critical success factors. It can be safely concluded that this recent collaborative move by Sainsburys is a deliberate long term. By investing in developing its stores, it can further hope to get a differential advantage over its competitors.